2019年11月6日星期三

Wheat diseases and pests will enter the peak period

Right now, the wheat market in the city of Shishi is at the heading stage. According to surveys conducted by the Plant Protection Station on counties (cities), the main diseases and pests of wheat are mainly wheat stubble, wheat midge, wheat scab, and wheat grass weeds. The plant protection station reminds The majority of growers are doing a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and pests in the mid and late stages of wheat production to ensure a bumper harvest of summer crops.

According to investigations, at present, the city's wheat aphids have an area of ​​1.883 million mu, with an average of 100 strains of 85 species, of which the highest amount is 332, which is close to the level of the same period of last year; the area of ​​wheat midge insects is 193.80 million mu, among which the prevention and control indicators (worms) More than 2 heads/sample squared) covers an area of ​​975,500 mu. Wheat imagoes are found in wheat fields in some areas.

When wheat meets continuous rain during heading and flowering, and the temperature is maintained above 15°C, the incidence of head blight will increase. According to the meteorological observatory, the weather in the next week will be mainly cloudy and showers, which will be conducive to the occurrence of head blight and spread. In the autumn of last year, the wheat field weeds in wheat fields in our city were all controlled again and again. For wheat fields with poor control effect, the agricultural experts at the Municipal Plant Protection Station reminded that the initial stage of grouting after wheat heading must be uprooted in a timely manner and taken out of the field to reduce the retransmission. .

Right now, with the increase in temperature, the mid- and late-stage diseases and pests of wheat in our city will enter the peak period. Various departments at all levels must effectively monitor the pests and diseases, provide timely feedback, and scientifically guide prevention and control. We must seize the current favorable timing, do a good job of propaganda, and timely eliminate the control of land that has reached the standard. Prevention and control should give full play to the role of this year's wheat pesticide pest control subsidies, do a good "one spray and three defenses," in ensuring the prevention and treatment at the same time, improve the prevention and control efficiency.

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Winter Care of Crab Zinnia

First, light

Cranium is a short-day flower, 8 to 10 hours of sunshine a day, 2 to 3 months to flower. In the winter, it should be placed in a sunny place in the room and exposed to sunlight to promote flower bud differentiation. The flowerpots are often turned so that all parties can receive even sunlight, guaranteeing the development of flower buds and balanced flowering. The indoor place of C. japonica should pay attention to shading, otherwise it is not conducive to the formation of flower buds.

Second, the temperature

As the temperature decreases, the claws should be moved to indoor sunny place to avoid freezing damage. The room temperature is preferably maintained at about 15°C. The flowering temperature is preferably 10°C to 15°C. When the temperature is lower than 5°C or higher than 20°C, it will affect the growth and flowering of the plants. During the flowering period, the pots are moved to scattered light for conservation to extend the viewing period. Extremely avoid sudden temperature drop or large temperature difference between day and night; during flowering if the temperature suddenly drops below 10 °C, there will be buds, falling flowers.

Three, watering

Although the clam clam is hi wet, but because of its rootstock (such as cactus, triangular arrow) like hi dry, so when watering master "Ning dry not wet, do not do not dry, dry drenched" principle. Due to the low temperature in winter, the watering should not be too much. Generally, every 4 to 5 days, the soil can be kept moist. Do not pour water in the basin, otherwise it is easy to rot. The spraying of leaf surface water during the bud period is beneficial to many pregnant buds, so it is necessary to spray water regularly to keep the abnormal stems and buds moist. When the flower buds appear in the crab claws, do not be too dry and too wet, so as not to cause buds, falling flowers.

Fourth, fertilization

For the clams that are pregnant, they should supply sufficient nutrients for water and nutrients, which is conducive to the formation of flower buds, and is also conducive to beautiful flowers. Fertilization should be dominated by phosphate fertilizers, or top-dressing thin liquid fertilizers that are topped with mash, once every 7 to 10 days, to promote the formation of more buds. Also, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on both sides of the leaves and flower buds, or in combination with watering, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (concentration same as above) can be used for pouring. This flowering and fertilizing should be carried out until the buds bloom. After entering the flowering stage, in order to ensure continuous flowering, the citron can adhere to liquid fertilizer or phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or apply a small amount of compound fertilizer every 10 to 15 days. If the required nutrients are insufficient, not only the buds are difficult to bloom, but also uninterrupted budding and flowering are caused.

Fifth, pruning

Through the vigorous growth of grafted C. jasminoides, it is generally made of thin bamboo or lead wire to support the sagging stem segments, spread around into umbrellas, and cut uneven stem segments and pests and branches. Eliminate dense, too weak buds on the stem segments. In each section of the end of the leaves to retain a large bud, sparse other buds, which can save nutrition, focus on the supply of retained buds, so that flower buds grow, flowers the same size, bright colors. As the crab claws and orchids continue to open, we must timely cut off the flowers and the top of the leaves to save nutrients, stocking momentum.

Sixth, control pests

The most common insect pest of C. japonica is the scale insect, which is most easily obtained in poorly ventilated environment in winter. Scale insects have a greater harm to the crabgrass, but it causes rust spots on the rootstock and scion, which affects the appearance and causes the death of the plants. A scale insect was found and should be immediately removed with an appliance. The insects could be brushed with a brush or scraped with a bamboo scraper, and then sprayed with 500 to 800 times the omethoate for continuous control 2-3 times.

The occurrence of rot disease in C. jasminoides is caused by poor drainage of pots and earths, persistent over-humidification, which causes rot of rootstocks, and can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 500 times on a regular basis to sterilize, such as local rot, and the use of sterilized products. Knife to cut rotten parts, the wound can not be watered before healing.

In addition, some cultivars often grow well during cultivation, but they do not bloom or bloom very little. It should be checked if the place is appropriate because it is a short-day plant. The light is only less than 10 to 12 hours per day. The plants can form flower buds, such as adequate light during the day, and strong light at night, in this condition of long illumination. Plants often do not form buds easily.

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International Environmental Protection New Technology Conference held in Yongqing environmental remediation with new technologies appeared

June 5, 2017 Commemorative Sixth Five-Year Environmental Day Home Event & 2017 International Environmental Technology Conference Held in Nanjing. The theme of this conference is "Green New Technology to Promote Green Development", attracting nearly 700 guests from around the world and nearly 300 environmental research institutes and environmental technology companies. Yongqing environmental protection with soil repair technology, debut soil special exhibition.

Prior to the meeting, leaders of Jiangsu provincial party committee secretary and provincial people's congress committee Li Qiang, secretary of party secretary of the MEP Li Ganjie, deputy secretary of Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee and acting governor Wu Zhenglong inspected the international and domestic environmental protection technology enterprises participating in the conference. Leading guests and his entourage came to Hunan Yongqing environmental booth, Yongqing Environmental Protection Chairman Liu Zhengjun detailed the company's new technologies and new achievements.

Li Ganjie, Li Qiang, Wu Zhenglong and his party frequently praise and encourage many bright spots in the field of soil remediation. They hope that the company will take full advantage of this grand platform of the International Conference on New Environmental Technology to further promote the popularization and application of new environmental technologies and promote environmental protection In-depth scientific research in the field of development, the common benefit of human society.

"You guys are doing very well. With the rapid development of the environmental protection industry, it is a golden opportunity now. The frequent introduction of national policies requires the presence of skilled, talented, skilled and marketable enterprises. You are encouraged to continue their efforts and innovative spirit. Environmental protection make a greater contribution! "Li Ganjie said.

The "Environmental Protection Law" implemented in 2015 stipulates that June 5 each year will be Environment Day. The 2017 Sixth Five-Year Environmental Day Home Event & 2017 International Environmental New Technology Conference was jointly organized by the MEP and Jiangsu Provincial People's Government.

As recognized by the industry as the "Yangtze River Delta" environmental protection elite annual event, the "International Conference on New Environmental Technology" sponsored by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Jiangsu Provincial People's Government, through forum discussions, focuses on presenting and promoting advanced environmental technologies at home and abroad. Exhibition site, from around the world green coffee, environmental protection, "black technology" one by one appeared, all kinds of academic exchange forum turns into battle.

Luo Qing Shi, president of Yongqing Environmental Soil Rehabilitation Research Institute, said in an interview: "As a leading brand of soil remediation, Yongqing Environmental Protection has made great achievements in arable land restoration projects, restoration materials, talent teams, technological innovation, model innovation, internationalization of restoration technologies, Heavy metal repair, mining management and ecological restoration is completely emboldened. "

Luo said that this environmental technology conference brings four major soil remediation technologies: self-developed ionic mineralization stabilization technology and 100% remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils; ultra-clean soil ectopic heat desorption technology , Complete combustion of tail gas, pollutant removal rate of up to 99.98%; in situ thermal repair (ET-DSPTM) technology, gasification and effective extraction of organic pollution over 99%; Yongqing US IST's XSVE technology, efficient processing of semi-volatile Organic pollutants up to 95%.

At the same time, Dr. Yonghong Hong, an international expert from Yongqing, Korea, brought the keynote speech entitled "Development of In-situ Repair Technology for High Concentration DNAPL (Highly Density Water-insoluble Liquid) Contaminated Sites in South Korea". DNAPL contamination in industrial sites in China is high, so far there is no effective treatment technology yet. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop the soil-groundwater remediation in our country by drawing on and introducing advanced foreign experience.

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First photon super-crystal integrated artificial material light source: to promote ultra-fast Li-Fi communications

The figure depicts a "photonic crystal" promising for the future development of "Li-Fi" technology, which is more advantageous than Wi-Fi and other RF communication systems. Photo Credit: Tal Galfsky, New York City University

Light sources that integrate two concepts of artificial optical materials may drive ultra-fast "Li-Fi" communications.

In many applications, Li-Fi airborne optical networks may have advantages over Wi-Fi and other radio frequency systems. Li-Fi networks can operate at extremely high speeds; they can operate over a very wide frequency range; they can avoid RF system disturbances, especially in demanding safety environments such as aircraft cockpits and nuclear power plants; they are not easy Hacked. Evgenii Narimanov, a professor of electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University, said that while the range of Li-Fi networks is relatively limited, they do not require line-of-sight operations. He said that today's Li-Fi networks can not fully realize these potential because they lack the right light source.

But the design that integrates two concepts of optical materials into "photonic hyperthermia" may fill this gap.

Narimanov first proposed this concept in 2014. This month, he and colleagues at the City University of New York reported photon supercrystals in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) with a dramatic increase in photon emissivity and intensity. Narimanov said that photonic super-crystals combine the properties of metamaterials and photonic crystals. "Artificial" optical materials often have properties that do not exist in nature.

Metamaterials are produced from man-made structures that are much smaller than the wavelength of light, whereas in photonic crystals the size of "unit cell" is comparable to this wavelength. Although both types of composites often exhibit very different properties, photonic supercrystals combine all of them in the same structure.

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Sony has developed the industry's most accurate back-illuminated ToF image sensor

Sony announced on June 5 that they have successfully developed back-illuminated ToF time-of-flight image sensors with a minimum pixel pitch of 10μm. As early as 2015, Sony acquired Softkinetic Systems SA ("Softkinetic"), a ToF image sensor technology development company, and attempted to combine its own back-illuminated CMOS image sensor technology with "ToF."

ToF technology measures the distance between the sensor and the object by the time it takes for the light source to reach the object and reflect it back to the sensor. The ToF image sensor detects the distance information for each pixel, resulting in a high-precision depth map. The accuracy can be further improved by ensuring that the reflected light is efficiently received and the processing required to measure the distance is performed at a high frame rate. In addition, power consumption can be reduced by effectively collecting and processing the reflected light.

At the core of Sony's new ToF technology is Softkinetic's proprietary Current Assisted Photo Modem ("CAPD"), which uses a unique pixel architecture that utilizes the drift current in the pixel for high-speed modulation to improve detection of optical signals Accuracy. This method increases the accuracy of measuring the horizontal distance of each pixel, enabling accurate measurements and depth map acquisition even at considerable distances.

Sony combined CAPD with its back-illuminated CMOS image sensor pixel technology to create the industry's smallest new backside ToF image sensor with 10μm pixel pitch. The new sensor is based on the advantages of a backlit pixel structure that stratifies the circuitry under the photodetector. By optimizing the pixel structure and circuitry of the CAPD, the new Sony product enhances light harvesting efficiency and enables high-speed distance measurement.

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for more accurate depth sensing, especially in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and other applications such as robots and drones that require autonomous operation. This new sensor is part of the DepthSense line-up that makes gestures and object recognition and obstacle detection possible. The new sensor will help extend the reach of ToF image sensors by providing high-precision depth sensing in a compact, low-power, compact package.


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Hydrothermal oxidation technology: make organic waste into pollution-free treasure

The disposal of domestic waste has always been a challenge for urban development. In response to this problem, Professor Jin Fangming from Shanghai Jiaotong University School of the Environment took the lead in utilizing the technology for combustion treatment of domestic waste using hydrothermal oxidation technology. Hydrothermal oxidation is a relatively new oxidation method, usually carried out in high temperature and pressure water. The organic matter is oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, so that there is no "fire" burning and the garbage becomes pollution-free "treasure."

Summer heat, the summer is coming, the treatment of household waste gradually becomes a big problem as the temperature rises, and the domestic garbage is not properly handled, which will greatly affect the appearance of large-scale cities. In particular, the disposal of domestic waste has always been a chronic problem in Shanghai. In response to this problem, Professor Jin Fangming from Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Environment took the lead in utilizing the technology of hydrothermal oxidation to treat household garbage by burning it. This "fireless" combustion turned garbage into pollution-free "treasure" . This kind of "burning" in the water does not produce pollution such as sulfide, but also does not generate carcinogenic substances. Even chemicals such as plastic bags can dissolve, and after the first ignition, energy is no longer consumed. At present, this technology has been used in the third restaurant of Shanghai Jiaotong University. With the help of far-sighted entrepreneurs, it hopes to gradually realize technology from pilot to large-scale industrialization.

Twenty years of technical breakthrough cracking organic waste disposal and resource utilization problems

The traditional method of MSW disposal mainly uses landfill and incineration. Landfill disposal of landfill leachate, garbage generated methane and other pollutants is difficult to export, collection and processing, not only cause serious pollution to the surrounding environment, but there are security risks, seriously affecting the image of the town; and garbage Incineration is prone to two VA British and other toxic gases, air pollution and odor, the surrounding environment has a serious impact. At the same time, these simple garbage disposal methods can not effectively utilize the rubbish and do not meet the requirements of modern urban construction and development.

The traditional method of MSW disposal mainly uses landfill and incineration. Landfill disposal of landfill leachate, garbage generated methane and other pollutants is difficult to export, collection and processing, not only cause serious pollution to the surrounding environment, but there are security risks, seriously affecting the image of the town; and garbage Incineration is prone to two VA British and other toxic gases, air pollution and odor, the surrounding environment has a serious impact. At the same time, these simple garbage disposal methods can not effectively utilize the rubbish and do not meet the requirements of modern urban construction and development.

Municipal solid waste, kitchen waste, waste paper and various types of biomass-containing products with high moisture content, high levels of fat and organic waste accounted for the vast majority of these rubbish easy to breed pests and bacteria and smell, Seriously affect the urban environment, but due to its high moisture content, it is difficult to carry out traditional incineration, landfill will result in more difficult to solve secondary pollution and disease transmission. At the same time, the biomass resources that are rich in rubbish have not been effectively reused, but instead become the source of pollution of the environment.

In addition, the existing methods of biological fermentation to dispose of household garbage (including kitchen waste) can effectively treat the biomass resources in the garbage and convert it into chemical products such as methane, but the residual residues of such garbage are still not solved , Smell and other secondary pollution problems. In the meantime, the biological fermentative method requires a longer period, lower biomass conversion rate, and less efficient utilization of resources.

Hydrothermal oxidation is a relatively new oxidation process and is generally carried out in high temperature and pressure (100-400 ° C, 2-30 MPa) water. The organic matter is oxidatively decomposed to carbon dioxide and water, also known as wet oxidation / wet oxidation. Wet combustion technology originated in the United States for the combustion treatment of papermaking black liquor such high concentration, non-degradable organic wastewater. When the concentration of organic matter in water reaches 2%, the heat released by the wet combustion of organic matter can sustain the spontaneous reaction of the system. When the concentration of organic matter in water exceeds 2%, the heat released by combustion can be recycled. Later developed to use super / sub-critical hydrothermal oxidation decomposition of high-water sludge, industrial wastewater and toxic and hazardous substances.

Professor Kim has devoted himself to promoting green water and heat technology and has been conducting research in this direction for more than 20 years. In the early years, he pioneered new research aimed at combating domestic waste for power generation using hydrothermal oxidation technology. Studies using various types of household waste such as vegetables, meat, fish and fats have found the interesting fact that, regardless of the composition of the waste, after oxidation under hydrothermal conditions, acetic acid All remain as the final product that is difficult to continue to decompose, but if acetic acid continues to be decomposed, a higher temperature or other catalyst needs to be used, resulting in an increase in cost.

However, as an extremely important chemical raw material, acetic acid itself is a very valuable product. Therefore, Professor Kim's research turned to the new direction of more eco-friendly and low-carbon production of acetic acid by selective oxidation of acetic acid to household waste. All of the original organic waste will eventually be converted to refractory acetic acid, and this result instead makes hydrothermal oxidation technology has a great advantage in dealing with the complex composition of domestic waste. From the junk model compound to the actual solid waste mixture, Prof. Jin completed a series of experimental studies on hydrothermal oxidation and found out the transformation rules of each of the garbage components in the hydrothermal oxidation process. This series of research results have been compiled into text, so far, has published many papers on SCI core journals.

Technical transformation and upgrading of continuous domestic water thermal oxidation equipment used in practice

In order to further promote the application of hydrothermal technology, Prof. Jin-ming Jin has utilized the accumulated experience of laboratory research to develop a pilot-scale continuous solid waste water thermal oxidation equipment. The installation and operation of the equipment have been completed and completed A hundred kilograms of domestic waste water thermal oxidation experiment, the treatment effect is good. The equipment is now successfully installed near five meals at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and is designed to handle the waste produced by the teachers 'and students' canteens. This method not only reduces shipping costs but also avoids the usual waste disposal The stench problem of transport, as soon as the rubbish is produced and sent to conversion, can almost 100% oxidize and decompose organics in the waste while ensuring that nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus-containing substances, which may cause environmental pollution, are dissolved in the water , Only need to be dealt with simply to meet emission standards. At present, Professor Jin Fangming has declared a number of patents on hydrothermal oxidation of domestic waste and is conducting further research and development on the expansion.

In addition, Prof. Jin Fangming also conducted further exploration and research on the existing problems in the hydrothermal oxidation technology. The development of new technologies such as the multi-stage hydrothermal oxidation process and the new-type oxidants has yielded gratifying results . At present, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Environment strongly supports the development and application of such new technologies. At the same time, it actively conducts cutting-edge exploration, basic and applied research on the development and utilization of clean energy, renewable energy and new energy, focusing on the resources of CO2 Transformation and conversion of biomass and solid waste resources, the development of photocatalytic materials and hydrolysis of hydrogen, new solar cells, electrochemical energy storage materials and other forefront of exploration and applied research, and strive to build an internationally influential innovation in the field of energy Research platform, hoping to make our due contribution to the green treatment of organic waste.

Professor Jin Fangming said that while doing research and development, actively promoting the new technology in the field of environmental protection is of great significance. Hope to collaborate with different departments to achieve classification of transport, classification and disposal, so that waste recycling of organic waste into treasure, so that urban living garbage really harmless

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