Winter fruit tree fertilization teach you a few strokes

Editor's note: The best time for applying fruit basal fertilizer to fruit trees is in autumn, but due to various reasons, there is no timely application of basal orchard, and basal fertilizer can be added in the early winter season. The winter fertilization time of fruit trees should be earlier than late, and it is better to perform in the early winter season when the orchard ground is not completely frozen. The fertilization method should be scientific and combined with winter irrigation to achieve the best results.

Fertilization in winter fruit trees is very important, which has a great influence on the growth of fruit trees in the coming year, and it is related to the yield of fruit trees in the second year. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the fertility management of fruit trees in the winter. Then, how to fertilize winter fruit trees.

First, choose a good fertilizer. High-quality fertilizers are composted compost, manure, ring fertilizer, green manure, crop straw, human waste, chicken manure, etc. These organic fertilizers have a variety of nutrients needed for fruit trees. Continuous application of large amounts of them can effectively improve the orchard soil. The amount of organic fertilizer applied can be 2-3 kilograms of fertilizer for each kilogram of fruit produced, or 20-30 kilograms of organic fertilizer for each adult fruit tree. It should be noted that organic manure must be fully decomposed, and organic manure that has not been subjected to decomposing treatment is directly applied to the soil. During the fermentation process, a large amount of heat will be generated and root burning will occur.

Second, pay attention to fertilization time. According to the growth rules of the winter fruit tree roots, under normal circumstances, the best time for autumn basal fertilization is in mid-to-late September, and the other fertilization period is from early October to mid-November, if both of these times are missed After the soil thawing in the spring of the second year, fertilize as soon as possible.

Third, fertilization methods. When fertilizing in winter, fertilize the trunk on the ground under the canopy and keep about 80 centimeters away from the trunk, and dig 4-6 radial grooves outwards. The inside is narrow and wide, and the outside is shallow. Deep, or in the outer edge of the canopy to dig a number of bar-shaped trenches, the general depth of 20 to 40 cm, 40 cm wide, about 80 cm long, in the trenching, if you meet the diameter of more than 1.5 cm thick root Remember not to cut off as much as possible. Fertilizer can not be covered immediately after applying fertilizer. Fertilizer and soil should be fully mixed and then covered, and watering should be performed.

Fourth, ammonium bicarbonate should not be used in the absence of fruit trees. Since ammonium bicarbonate is very unstable, it is easily volatilized. Therefore, whether ammonium bicarbonate is used as a basal fertilizer or topdressing, it should be applied in the presence of moist orchard soil, and the soil should be covered immediately after application.

Fifth, ammonium sulfate cannot be applied repeatedly. Especially in orchards with acidic or slightly alkaline soils, the continuous application of ammonium sulfate will increase the acidity of the soil, causing soil compaction and affecting the growth of roots in winter.

Sixth, avoid watering after applying urea. According to the characteristics of urea, the fruit tree absorbs ammonium carbonate, which is derived from the nitrogen in urea. Therefore, if the water is applied immediately after urea application, it will cause a large loss of nitrogen and reduce the fertilizer utilization rate. After urea, it will take a while to water again.

Seventh, apply fertilizer. Fruit trees have little demand for trace fertilizer, but they are indispensable. When the supply of certain trace fertilizers is insufficient, the fruit trees are susceptible to physiological diseases such as deficiency of hormones. For example, iron deficiency can cause yellowing disease, and zinc deficiency can cause lobular disease. For fruit trees that have iron deficiency performance all year round, ferrous sulfate is added to the base fertilizer, but the direct application of ferrous sulfate into the soil will quickly turn into insoluble compounds, so it is better to apply the organic fertilizer at the same time. For perennial orchards lacking boron and zinc deficiency, each year the base fertilizer is applied with boron and zinc fertilizers by means of ditching and hole application. Generally, each adult tree is put into 50 grams of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.

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